Symptom
Bad breath in dogs and cats
Persistent bad breath is not normal. The source is usually in the mouth; see the deep-dive articles below for causes and next steps.
Important note for owners
Quick check: smell lasts for days, or there is blood/swelling/change while eating — book an exam, not a “breed norm”.
Most common possible causes
- —Dental plaque and tartar
- —Gingivitis and periodontitis
- —Damaged teeth or root disease
- —In cats — tooth resorption (TR) or chronic gingivostomatitis
When not to postpone an exam
- ✓Facial or under-eye swelling has appeared
- ✓The pet refuses to eat
- ✓There is discharge or marked drooling
What not to do at home
- —Do not scrape tartar with sharp objects
- —Do not use human toothpastes, mouthwashes or gels
What diagnostics may be needed
- ✓Clinical examination
- ✓COHAT under anaesthesia
- ✓Dental radiography
Some inflammatory processes are hidden under the gums. The exact cause can be established only after examination and the necessary diagnostics.
Unfamiliar term in the diagnosis?If the report mentions TR, FCGS, pulpitis or a periodontal stage, the glossary explains each term briefly.GlossaryHow treatment may proceed
- ✓Professional cleaning
- ✓Periodontal therapy
- ✓Extraction or treatment of teeth when indicated
Related services
Related clinical case
Severe periodontal disease in an 8-year-old Yorkshire Terrier
View the periodontal disease case →Similar symptoms
Related articles
Frequently asked questions
Persistent bad breath is most often linked to the oral cavity. It can also accompany some systemic diseases, so the animal's overall condition matters too.
Ask Luna about your case
Briefly describe what you see — Luna will suggest whether to book and what to prepare.